Paper-making apparatus.



PATENTED NOV. 22, 1904.

R. BINNS. PAPER MAKING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 23, 1904.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N'O MODEL.

u V// /N W PATBNTED NOV. 22, 1904.

R. BINNS. PAPER MAKING APPARATUS. APPLIOATION FILED rma. 2a, 1904. NoMODEL. 2 SHEETS-s511111.' 2.

M fihi/w UNITED STATES Patented November 22, 1904.

PATENT OEETCE.

PAPER-MAKING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 775,511, dated November22, 1904.

Application led February Z3, 1904. Serial No. 194,787. (No model.)

T0 1f/ZZ m7710717 it many concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT BINNs, a citizen of the United States,residing at South Windham, in the county of Windham, State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inPaper-Making Apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and eX-act description.

My invention relates to paper-making machinery, my purpose being toprovide certain improvements therein hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of apaper-making machine constructed to embody my invention. is a plan viewthereof. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of' a part of the machine with theside broken away to show the water-levels within the same. Fig. 4 is arelatively enlarged plan view, partly in section, of the water-dischargepipe. Fig. 5 is a relatively enlarged front elevation of one of thecylinders detached, portions being broken away to illustrate details ofconstruction. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the surface of the cylindershown in Fig. 5 slightly modified. Fig. 7 is a vertical section of acylinder of modified form.

In the drawings the apparatus in many respects corresponds to theordinary cylinder paper-making machine-that is to say, it comprises along tank 1, which may be partitioned off to form separatecylinder-chambers in each of which beaten pulp is introduced by waterafter the usual manner. The water in each section is maintained at asuitable level, usually near the top of the tank.

2 2 are partitions.

3 8 represent current-breakers.

4 4 are hollow screened cylinders revolubly mounted in a tank 1. Whenthe machine is in operation, the pulp is deposited in web form on thescreened surface of the cylinders 4 4 after the usual manner.

5 is an endless apron, of felt or other suitable material, whichtraverses the several cylinders and over suitable rollers, usuallyincluding a tension-roll 6 and pressure-rolls 7 7. The rollers 7 7 pressthe apron 5 into contact with the screened surface of the cylinders 4 4,so that the pulp will be taken up by the apron Fig. 2

and conveyed along to the next cylinder,where another layer of pulp isdeposited on the'rst layer, and so on. The web thus formed is finallydischarged at 8.

The features of improvement in the papermaking machine comprise 4novelmeans for mounting the cylinders for maintaining the desired water-leveltherein. In the particular form of my invention the screened portions ofthe cylinders are suitable for making a web which may be of increased'thickness at certain predetermined points. Obviously the machine mayalso be employed to make a web of uniform thickness.

The paper-making cylinder 4 is hollow and is provided with closed ends41 41.

42 is the hub of the cylinder.

9 is a hollow shaft upon which the hub of the cylinder rotates.

43 43 are passages through the hub 42, arranged to register withpassages 91, which tap into the hollow shaft 9. If desired, the bore ofthe hub 42 may be cored out adjacent to these passages 91 in the shaft9, so that the outliow of water will be continuous when the machine isin operation. v The face of each cylinder 4 in its usual form is outthrough to form a grid 44, upon which issupported a fine wire-gauzescreen 45. One end of the hollow shaft 9 may be closed, while the otherend may be fitted with a discharge pipe 10, mounted so that it can betilted at any desired angle.

101- is a valve which may be employed in the discharge-pipe, if desired.In Fig. 1 the discharge-pipes 10 are shown as pitched at an angle, sothat the outlet end of each dischargepipe is above its respective shaft9. When water is let into the tank l, it will rise up around the sidesand ends of the cylinders 4 and will flow through the screened passagestherein, depositing any pulp that may be in suspension in said waterupon the gauze screen 45.

In operation the water-level in the tank should be above that within thecylinder 4. I accomplish this and maintain the desired level by changingthe angle of inclination o f' the discharge-pipe 10, the open end of'the discharge-pipe determining the level within the IOO cylinder. Thewater-level in the tank being above 'that in the cylinder, it is obviousthat the water flows into the cylinder and keeps up a continuous depositof pulp on the screened passages thereof. The rotation of the cylinderby the apron 5 causes this thin web of pulp to be conveyed to the apron,which latter takes it ofi' and conveys it on to the next cylinder, andso on. The force of the current of waterflowing into the cylinder may bemodified by changing the water-level within the cylinder, which, asexplained,l is varied by changing' the angle of inclination of thedischarge-pipe 10. While the valve 101 may be employed, its presence iso f course not essential, since the discharge-pipe 10 may be of such alength that when it is projected vertically its upper end will be abovethe highest possible water-level within the tank, thus effectivelypreventing circulation of water through the cylinder.

In Fig. 3 I have indicated conventionally water-levels within tank 1 andwithin the cylinder 4.

Heretofore it has been common to term the sections of the tank in whichthe cylinders are placed vats, and the cylinders such as used in thepast have not been mounted centrally upon an axle or shaft, which itselfmay constitute the outlet for the water; but, on the contrary, thecylinders have been openended and mounted in a long circular bearingpacked with suitable material and arranged near the periphery of thecylinder to engage an annular flange projecting from the end of thecylinder. Such an arrangement is not only less effective than thepresent arrangement, in that it is diflicult to so pack the joint as toprevent circulation of water through the end of the cylinder, but theold means of support offers substantial resistance to the turning of thecylinder, putting undue and unnecessary strains upon the apron andwasting the power. By my invention there is no possibility of leakthrough the heads of the cylinders, and the resistance to the turning ofthe cylinder is as little as possible, since the cylinder is mountedentirely upon a central shaft or arbor-the simplest possibleconstruction.

46 46 are stuffing-boxes in which a suitable packing may be introducedat each end of the hub of the cylinder where it takes onto the shaft 9.

In making a plain web of paper unreinforced and of uniform thicknessthroughout its entire width I provide the surface of the cylinderthroughout substantially its entire width with the wire-gauze screen 45and with the gridwork or perforated portion underneath to allow of thefree circulation of water.

To make a reinforced web, certain points at equal intervals apart beingbuilt up or thickened, I first form a plain web with a cylinder such asI have ypreviously described, which makes whatI may term the base-web ofuniform thickness throughout. When this baseweb is conveyed to the nextcylinder,.on it is deposited at predetermined points, spots, or

bands of regular or irregular shape, as desired, the same being formedby depositing pulp upon correspondingly-shaped screened passages of theface of the next cylinder. example, see the outline of the screened faceof the cylinder shown in Fig. In this figure I have illustrated myimproved cylinder having the central portion covered with an annularpattern of impervious material 47, the edges of which may be straight oruted s indicated, so as to expose only a portion of ythe gauze screen tothe circulation of water carrying pulp in suspension. It is therefore onthis portion of the gauze screen only that the pulp is deposited. Henceasthe base-web traverses this cylinder there will be deposited thereon asecond layer of pulp of a configuration corresponding to the shape ofthat part of the wire-gauze on said cylinder which received the pulp. Athird cylinder may have a screened portion of still a different shapeupon which may be deposited pulp which is finally transferred to thepartially-reinforced basic web to still further build up the reinforcedportions.

In Fig. 6 I have indicated the pattern-strip of impervious material47aas located between the two screens of the cylinder. In this ligurethe pattern-strip merely appears in section. I have shown Fig. 6 for thepurpose of illustrating that the place of location of the pattern-stripis immaterial, its function being rather to prevent the circulation ofwater through the screened face of the cylinder excepting at theportions where pulp is to be deposited. It should therefore beunderstood that the pattern-strip may be located outside or inside orbetween the screens of the cylinder. In other respects section Fig. 6corresponds tothe cylinder shown in Figs. 5 and 7.

In Fig. 2 I have illustrated four cylinders. The one indicated at theleft-hand end of the figure forms the basic web, the next adjacentcylinder applies a reinforcing-strip along' opposite edges of the basicweb. rIhe third cylinder deposits another layer of reinforcing pulp, andthe fourth still another layer or border strip.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a slight modification of the cylinder, which isarranged to deposit the border-strips or reinforcing portions on thebasic web. This cylinder differs from the cylinder shown in Fig. 5 inthat only those portions of the face of the cylinder upon which the webis to be deposited are cut through. In such an arrangementthecut-through portions may or may not be provided with the gridwork shownin Fig. 5, depending entirely upon whether or not it is necessary toreinforce or support the wire-gauze screen from within. It will be seenthat within the barrel portion of the cylinder shown in Fig. 7 there aretrans- (For IOO

IIO

verse webs 48 extending from the spokes laterally. The incisions madethrough the face of the cylinder near the ends thereof cut through thesurface and only part way into the webs.v Hence the ends of the cylinderare not separated from the intermediate portion, but are connectedthereto by the solid portion of said transverse webs. Since themodification of Fig. 7 over what is shown in Fig. 5 merely relates tothe shape of the screened opening through the face of the cylinder,similar reference-numerals have been used in each View.

What I claim is-y 1. In a paper-machine, a cylinder havinga screenedface the ends of said cylinder being closed and a hollow shaftsupporting said cylinder and means of communication from within saidcylinder into said hollow shaft whereby the latter may act as the outletfor the water contained within the cylinder, and means for varying thelevel of water Within the cylinder relatively to the level of the watersurrounding said cylinder, said means comprising a tiltingdischarge-pipe located at the end of said hollow shaft.

2. In a paper-machine., atank, acylinder entirely Within the same, ahollow shaft mounted in said tank and affording a support for both endsof the cylinder, the ends of the cylinder being closed, anoutlet-passage from within the cylinder into said hollow shaft, adischarge-outlet at one end of said hollow shaft and means for varyingthe size of said discharge-outlet, the periphery of said cylinder beingscreened.

3. In apaper-machine, a tank, acylinder entirely Within said tank, asupport for said cylinder comprising a hollow shaft mounted in said tankand independent of said cylinder, the ends of the cylinder being closed,the periphery'of the cylinder being screened, and outlet-passageslocated between the ends of the cylinder and means for controlling thedischarge of water through the outlet-pipe for controlling the level ofwater within the cylinder relatively to the level of water surroundingsaid cylinder.

Signed at South Windham, Connecticut, this 9th day of February, 1904.

. ROBERT BINNS. Witnesses:

GEORGE W. MELONY, S. ARNOLD PECKHAM.

